![]() ![]() Buccopharyngeal part - originating from the pterygomandibular raphe.Pterygopharyngeal part - originating from the lower third of the posterior margin of the medial pterygoid plate and its hamulus.The four parts of the muscle are distinguished depending upon the origin: It acts to convey a bolus down towards the esophagus, facilitating swallowing. It is innervated by pharyngeal branch of the vagus nerve via the pharyngeal plexus. The muscle inserts onto the pharyngeal raphe, and pharyngeal spine. The muscle is divided into four parts according to its four distincts origins: a pterygopharyngeal, buccopharyngeal, mylopharyngeal, and a glossopharyngeal part. It is the uppermost and thinnest of the three pharyngeal constrictors. This region around the pharynx, also called the parapharyngeal space, is very sensitive due to its important neurovascular contents.The superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle is a quadrilateral muscle of the pharynx. The inferior gap between the middle and inferior pharyngeal constrictors allows the internal laryngeal nerve, superior laryngeal artery and accompanying vein to pass towards the larynx.The superior gap between the superior and middle pharyngeal constrictors allows passage of the stylopharyngeal muscle and glossopharyngeal nerve, as well as the passage of stylohyoid ligament into the internal aspect of the pharynx.Before they overlap, these muscles leave gaps on the lateral sides of the pharynx due to the different orientation of their muscle fibers, allowing the passage of various structures: By extending in a fan-shaped manner, the fibers of this muscle overlap on the posterior side of the pharynx with the fibers of superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictors. The middle pharyngeal muscle originates on the greater horn of the hyoid bone just medial to the attachment of the hyoglossus muscle. Passing on the lateral aspect of the middle pharyngeal muscle is the lingual artery. Stylopharyngeus muscle extends between the superior and middle pharyngeal muscles and is sometimes used to separate these two muscles. Within the pharynx the middle pharyngeal constrictor sits between the superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscles. It is found anterior to the prevertebral muscles, such as longus coli and longus capitis, and posterior to the muscles of the mouth floor, most notably the hyoglossus muscle. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is located on the lateral and posterior sides of the neck. The posteroinferior group - fibers descend from the greater horn, beneath the inferior pharyngeal constrictor.The middle group - fibers run horizontally from the greater horn.The anterosuperior group - fibers ascend from the stylohyoid ligament and lesser horn, overlapping with the superior pharyngeal constrictor.Based on their arrangements and direction, the fibers of this muscle can be divided into three groups: Taking a semi-circular path, the fibers eventually meet with those from the opposite side, inserting at the posterior median pharyngeal raphe. From these origin points the muscle fibers run in a posterior direction, diverging in a fan-shaped manner. Some fibers arise from the hyoid bone (the whole length of the greater horn and the posterolateral aspect of the lesser horn), while the remaining fibers arise from the stylohyoid ligament. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fan-shaped muscle that has two points of origin. They run from an anterior origin to meet posteriorly in the midsagittal plane, forming a semi-circular tube. The pharyngeal constrictor muscles encircle the pharynx and larynx. Pharyngeal branch of ascending pharyngeal artery tonsillar branch of facial artery Median pharyngeal raphe, blends with superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictorsĬonstricts wall of pharynx during swallowing Stylohyoid ligament, greater and lesser horn of hyoid bone Key facts about the middle pharyngeal constrictor Origin In this article, we’ll discuss the attachments, relations, neurovascular supply and function of the middle pharyngeal constrictor muscle. This muscle, along with the superior and inferior pharyngeal constrictors, forms the bulk of the pharyngeal wall.īy sequential contraction, the pharyngeal constrictor muscles create a peristaltic wave that facilitates passage of the food bolus inferiorly, from the pharynx towards the esophagus, during the act of deglutition. The middle pharyngeal constrictor is a fan-shaped sheet-like muscle of the pharynx. Middle constrictor muscle of pharynx, Musculus hyopharyngicus ![]()
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